In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activities and Synergistic Combinations of Differential Solvent Extracts of the Polyherbal Product, Nefang
Identifieur interne : 000C35 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000C34; suivant : 000C36In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activities and Synergistic Combinations of Differential Solvent Extracts of the Polyherbal Product, Nefang
Auteurs : Protus Arrey Tarkang [Cameroun, Kenya] ; Kathrin Diehl Franzoi [Corée du Sud] ; Sukjun Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Eunyoung Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Diego Vivarelli [Corée du Sud] ; Lucio Freitas-Junior [Corée du Sud] ; Michel Liuzzi [Corée du Sud] ; Tsabang Nolé [Cameroun] ; Lawrence S. Ayong [Corée du Sud] ; Gabriel A. Agbor [Cameroun] ; Faith A. Okalebo [Kenya] ; Anastasia N. Guantai [Kenya]Source :
- BioMed Research International [ 2314-6133 ] ; 2014.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Antimalarials, Plant Extracts, Solvents.
- chemical , pharmacology : Antimalarials, Plant Extracts.
- drug therapy : Malaria, Falciparum.
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Hep G2 Cells, Humans, Plasmodium falciparum.
Abstract
Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2014/835013
PubMed: 24877138
PubMed Central: 4022163
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en"><italic>In Vitro</italic> Antiplasmodial Activities and Synergistic Combinations of Differential Solvent Extracts of the Polyherbal Product, <italic>Nefang</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" sort="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" uniqKey="Arrey Tarkang P" first="Protus" last="Arrey Tarkang">Protus Arrey Tarkang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi 0800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franzoi, Kathrin Diehl" sort="Franzoi, Kathrin Diehl" uniqKey="Franzoi K" first="Kathrin Diehl" last="Franzoi">Kathrin Diehl Franzoi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sukjun" sort="Lee, Sukjun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sukjun" last="Lee">Sukjun Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Eunyoung" sort="Lee, Eunyoung" uniqKey="Lee E" first="Eunyoung" last="Lee">Eunyoung Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vivarelli, Diego" sort="Vivarelli, Diego" uniqKey="Vivarelli D" first="Diego" last="Vivarelli">Diego Vivarelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freitas Junior, Lucio" sort="Freitas Junior, Lucio" uniqKey="Freitas Junior L" first="Lucio" last="Freitas-Junior">Lucio Freitas-Junior</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I4">Centre for Neglected Diseases Drug Discovery, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Diseases Drug Discovery, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liuzzi, Michel" sort="Liuzzi, Michel" uniqKey="Liuzzi M" first="Michel" last="Liuzzi">Michel Liuzzi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nole, Tsabang" sort="Nole, Tsabang" uniqKey="Nole T" first="Tsabang" last="Nolé">Tsabang Nolé</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ayong, Lawrence S" sort="Ayong, Lawrence S" uniqKey="Ayong L" first="Lawrence S." last="Ayong">Lawrence S. Ayong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agbor, Gabriel A" sort="Agbor, Gabriel A" uniqKey="Agbor G" first="Gabriel A." last="Agbor">Gabriel A. Agbor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okalebo, Faith A" sort="Okalebo, Faith A" uniqKey="Okalebo F" first="Faith A." last="Okalebo">Faith A. Okalebo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi 0800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guantai, Anastasia N" sort="Guantai, Anastasia N" uniqKey="Guantai A" first="Anastasia N." last="Guantai">Anastasia N. Guantai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi 0800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24877138</idno><idno type="pmc">4022163</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4022163</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4022163</idno><idno type="doi">10.1155/2014/835013</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000E49</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000E48</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000939</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000389</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000389</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000389</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001700</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001700</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001700</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000C38</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000C35</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000C35</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main"><italic>In Vitro</italic> Antiplasmodial Activities and Synergistic Combinations of Differential Solvent Extracts of the Polyherbal Product, <italic>Nefang</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" sort="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" uniqKey="Arrey Tarkang P" first="Protus" last="Arrey Tarkang">Protus Arrey Tarkang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi 0800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franzoi, Kathrin Diehl" sort="Franzoi, Kathrin Diehl" uniqKey="Franzoi K" first="Kathrin Diehl" last="Franzoi">Kathrin Diehl Franzoi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sukjun" sort="Lee, Sukjun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sukjun" last="Lee">Sukjun Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Eunyoung" sort="Lee, Eunyoung" uniqKey="Lee E" first="Eunyoung" last="Lee">Eunyoung Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vivarelli, Diego" sort="Vivarelli, Diego" uniqKey="Vivarelli D" first="Diego" last="Vivarelli">Diego Vivarelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freitas Junior, Lucio" sort="Freitas Junior, Lucio" uniqKey="Freitas Junior L" first="Lucio" last="Freitas-Junior">Lucio Freitas-Junior</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I4">Centre for Neglected Diseases Drug Discovery, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Diseases Drug Discovery, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liuzzi, Michel" sort="Liuzzi, Michel" uniqKey="Liuzzi M" first="Michel" last="Liuzzi">Michel Liuzzi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nole, Tsabang" sort="Nole, Tsabang" uniqKey="Nole T" first="Tsabang" last="Nolé">Tsabang Nolé</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ayong, Lawrence S" sort="Ayong, Lawrence S" uniqKey="Ayong L" first="Lawrence S." last="Ayong">Lawrence S. Ayong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea, Republic of Korea</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Early Drug Discovery Program, Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Institut Pasteur Korea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agbor, Gabriel A" sort="Agbor, Gabriel A" uniqKey="Agbor G" first="Gabriel A." last="Agbor">Gabriel A. Agbor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okalebo, Faith A" sort="Okalebo, Faith A" uniqKey="Okalebo F" first="Faith A." last="Okalebo">Faith A. Okalebo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi 0800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guantai, Anastasia N" sort="Guantai, Anastasia N" uniqKey="Guantai A" first="Anastasia N." last="Guantai">Anastasia N. Guantai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00202, Nairobi 0800</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi 0800</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BioMed Research International</title><idno type="ISSN">2314-6133</idno><idno type="eISSN">2314-6141</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antimalarials (chemistry)</term><term>Antimalarials (pharmacology)</term><term>Drug Evaluation, Preclinical</term><term>Hep G2 Cells</term><term>Humans</term><term>Malaria, Falciparum (drug therapy)</term><term>Plant Extracts (chemistry)</term><term>Plant Extracts (pharmacology)</term><term>Plasmodium falciparum</term><term>Solvents (chemistry)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Antimalarials</term><term>Plant Extracts</term><term>Solvents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Antimalarials</term><term>Plant Extracts</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Malaria, Falciparum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Evaluation, Preclinical</term><term>Hep G2 Cells</term><term>Humans</term><term>Plasmodium falciparum</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Nefang</italic>, a polyherbal product composed of <italic>Mangifera indica</italic> (bark and leaf), <italic>Psidium guajava</italic>, <italic>Carica papaya</italic>, <italic>Cymbopogon citratus</italic>, <italic>Citrus sinensis</italic>, and <italic>Ocimum gratissimum</italic> (leaves), is a potential therapy against <italic>P. falciparum</italic> malaria. <italic>In vitro</italic> antiplasmodial activities of its constituent solvent extracts were analyzed on CQ-sensitive (3D7) and multidrug resistant (Dd2) <italic>P. falciparum</italic> strains. The interactions involving the differential solvent extracts were further analyzed using a variable potency ratio drug combination approach. Effective concentration 50 (EC<sub>50</sub>) values were determined by nonlinear regression curve-fitting of the dose-response data and used in calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration 50 (FIC<sub>50</sub>) and combination indices (CI) for each pair. The derived EC<sub>50</sub> values (3D7/Dd2, <italic><italic>μ</italic></italic>g/mL) are <italic>Nefang</italic>-96.96/55.08, <italic>MiB</italic>-65.33/34.58, <italic>MiL</italic>-82.56/40.04, <italic>Pg</italic>-47.02/25.79, <italic>Cp</italic>-1188/317.5, <italic>Cc</italic>-723.3/141, <italic>Cs</italic>-184.4/105.1, and <italic>Og</italic>-778.5/118.9. Synergism was obtained with <italic>MiB/Pg</italic> (CI = 0.351), <italic>MiL/Pg</italic> (0.358), <italic>MiB/Cs</italic> (0.366), <italic>MiL/Cs</italic> (0.482), <italic>Pg/Cs</italic> (0.483), and <italic>Cs/Og</italic> (0.414) when analyzed at equipotency ratios. Cytotoxicity testing of <italic>Nefang</italic> and the solvent extracts on two human cell lines (Hep G2 and U2OS) revealed no significant toxicity relative to their antiplasmodial activities (SI > 20). Taken together, our data confirm the antimalarial activities of <italic>Nefang</italic> and its
constituent plant extracts and identified extract pairs with promising synergistic interactions for exploitation towards a rational phytotherapeutic and evidence-based antimalarial drug discovery.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stojanoski, N" uniqKey="Stojanoski N">N Stojanoski</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dahanukar, Sa" uniqKey="Dahanukar S">SA Dahanukar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Ra" uniqKey="Kulkarni R">RA Kulkarni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rege, Nn" uniqKey="Rege N">NN Rege</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Petrovska, Bb" uniqKey="Petrovska B">BB Petrovska</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcchesney, Jd" uniqKey="Mcchesney J">JD McChesney</name></author><author><name sortKey="Venkataraman, Sk" 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Agbor</name><name sortKey="Nole, Tsabang" sort="Nole, Tsabang" uniqKey="Nole T" first="Tsabang" last="Nolé">Tsabang Nolé</name></country><country name="Kenya"><noRegion><name sortKey="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" sort="Arrey Tarkang, Protus" uniqKey="Arrey Tarkang P" first="Protus" last="Arrey Tarkang">Protus Arrey Tarkang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Guantai, Anastasia N" sort="Guantai, Anastasia N" uniqKey="Guantai A" first="Anastasia N." last="Guantai">Anastasia N. Guantai</name><name sortKey="Okalebo, Faith A" sort="Okalebo, Faith A" uniqKey="Okalebo F" first="Faith A." last="Okalebo">Faith A. Okalebo</name></country><country name="Corée du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Franzoi, Kathrin Diehl" sort="Franzoi, Kathrin Diehl" uniqKey="Franzoi K" first="Kathrin Diehl" last="Franzoi">Kathrin Diehl Franzoi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ayong, Lawrence S" sort="Ayong, Lawrence S" uniqKey="Ayong L" first="Lawrence S." last="Ayong">Lawrence S. Ayong</name><name sortKey="Freitas Junior, Lucio" sort="Freitas Junior, Lucio" uniqKey="Freitas Junior L" first="Lucio" last="Freitas-Junior">Lucio Freitas-Junior</name><name sortKey="Lee, Eunyoung" sort="Lee, Eunyoung" uniqKey="Lee E" first="Eunyoung" last="Lee">Eunyoung Lee</name><name sortKey="Lee, Sukjun" sort="Lee, Sukjun" uniqKey="Lee S" first="Sukjun" last="Lee">Sukjun Lee</name><name sortKey="Liuzzi, Michel" sort="Liuzzi, Michel" uniqKey="Liuzzi M" first="Michel" last="Liuzzi">Michel Liuzzi</name><name sortKey="Vivarelli, Diego" sort="Vivarelli, Diego" uniqKey="Vivarelli D" first="Diego" last="Vivarelli">Diego Vivarelli</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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